Diving and volcanoes – Final Exam Welcome to your Diving and Volcanoes: Final Exam Name Email What can you expect a year after the eruption? The water is still toxic Marine life has fully recovered and is even more abundant There are dolphins everywhere Water temperature is still many degrees warmer than normal How are the hot thermal fountains that regularly erupt in Iceland called? Volcano Fountain Hot Spots Spa Geysers How are volcanoes called that emerge far away from the plate boundaries? Geysers High tide Volcanoes Hot Spot Volcanoes Stray Volcanoes Which gas can react with water to form sulfuric acid? H2O CO CO2 SO2 Where did an underwater volcanic eruption close to the shore happen in 2011? La Palma Java Bali El Hierro Small tephra particles from 2-64 mm are called: Ash Lapilli Restingolitas Lava Bombs Which gas is heavier than air and can accumulate in volcanic lakes? Nitrox CO2 Helium Fluorin How do we call the molten or partially molten material driving volcanic activity? Moonstone Under the surface of the Earth lava, above the surface magma Earth’s core and crust Under the surface of the Earth magma, above the surface lava Which indicators are often measurable before an eruption? Volcanic tremor, ground deformation and a change in radiant heat High SO2 Values in the air, tropical storms and ash clouds Temperature rise, inflation and thunder Light is shining from the place where the volcano will emerge Where was the most recent volcanic eruption on Canary Islands? Lanzarote Tenerife El Hierro La Palma Lahars... ... are acid rainfalls ... are lava caves ... are mudslides caused by rain following a volcanic eruption ... are volcanic lakes How is the very hot, liquid lava called that often builds soft forms? Pahoehoe-Lava Java-Lava Aa-Lava Hawaii-Lava A Plinian eruption… ... happened in 1991 in the Philippines All answers are correct .... is named after Pliny the Younger, who described the eruption of Vesuvius that destroyed Pompeii ... belongs to the most explosive type of eruptions What shall I do if a volcano is giving signs of an imminent eruption while I am in the region? Run as fast as you can Go online and post about your experiences Take a camera and get as close as possible Listen to what the local disaster prevention and protection departments say How many people did approximately get killed by volcanic eruptions since 1700? 12 1.500.000 25.000 300.000 How do basalt columns form? Lava evaporates and restructures Lava solidifying swiftly and in abrupt fashion Lava flows into houses Lava solidifying very slowly Which ingredients do you find in lava? Blood, Sweat and Tears Scales Silicates, natrium, iron A hard shell When lava solidifies at the outside but on the inside keeps flowing… It definitely reaches the ocean Once the flow stops, lava tunnels are left It is called Pillow Lava It forms basalt columns The lava in the picture is called… Pillow Lava Malpais Basalt Columns Column Lava How did the Canary Islands form? They were created by asteroids hitting the Earth After a large earthquake They did fall off the African continental shelf Hot Spot Volcanism